C-type lectin receptor agonists elicit functional IL21-expressing Tfh cells and induce primary B cell responses in neonates.
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Vono M, Mastelic-Gavillet B, Mohr E, Östensson M, Persson J, Olafsdottir TA, Lemeille S, Pejoski D, Hartley O, Christensen D, Andersen P, Didierlaurent AM, Harandi AM, Lambert PH, Siegrist CA
Front Immunol 14 (-) 1155200 [2023-03-31; online 2023-03-31]
C-type lectin receptor (CLR) agonists emerged as superior inducers of primary B cell responses in early life compared with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, while both types of adjuvants are potent in adults. Here, we explored the mechanisms accounting for the differences in neonatal adjuvanticity between a CLR-based (CAF®01) and a TLR4-based (GLA-SE) adjuvant administered with influenza hemagglutinin (HA) in neonatal mice, by using transcriptomics and systems biology analyses. On day 7 after immunization, HA/CAF01 increased IL6 and IL21 levels in the draining lymph nodes, while HA/GLA-SE increased IL10. CAF01 induced mixed Th1/Th17 neonatal responses while T cell responses induced by GLA-SE had a more pronounced Th2-profile. Only CAF01 induced T follicular helper (Tfh) cells expressing high levels of IL21 similar to levels induced in adult mice, which is essential for germinal center (GC) formation. Accordingly, only CAF01- induced neonatal Tfh cells activated adoptively transferred hen egg lysozyme (HEL)-specific B cells to form HEL+ GC B cells in neonatal mice upon vaccination with HEL-OVA. Collectively, the data show that CLR-based adjuvants are promising neonatal and infant adjuvants due to their ability to harness Tfh responses in early life.
Clinical Genomics Gothenburg [Collaborative]
PubMed 37063899
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155200
Crossref 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155200