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Guintivano J, Byrne EM, Kiewa J, Yao S, Bauer AE, Aberg KA, Adams MJ, Campbell A, Campbell ML, Choi KW, Corfield EC, Havdahl A, Hucks D, Koen N, Lu Y, Mægbæk ML, Mullaert J, Peterson RE, Raffield LM, Sallis HM, Sealock JM, Walker A, Watson HJ, Xiong Y, Yang JMK, Anney RJL, Gordon-Smith K, Hubbard L, Jones LA, Mihaescu R, Nyegaard M, Pardiñas AF, Perry A, Saquib N, Shadyab AH, Viktorin A, Andreassen OA, Bigdeli TB, Davis LK, Dennis CL, Di Florio A, Dubertret C, Feng YA, Frey BN, Grigoriadis S, Gloaguen E, Jones I, Kennedy JL, Krohn H, Kunovac Kallak T, Li Y, Martin NG, McIntosh AM, Milgrom J, Munk-Olsen T, Oberlander T, Olsen CM, Ramoz N, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Robertson Blackmore E, Rubinow D, Skalkidou A, Smoller JW, Stein DJ, Stowe ZN, Taylor V, Tebeka S, Tesli M, Van Lieshout RJ, van den Oord EJCG, Vigod SN, Werge T, Westlye LT, Whiteman DC, Zar HJ, Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , Wray N, Meltzer-Brody S, Sullivan P
Am J Psychiatry 180 (12) 884-895 [2023-12-01; online 2023-10-18]
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common subtype of major depressive disorder (MDD) that is more heritable, yet is understudied in psychiatric genetics. The authors conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to investigate the genetic architecture of PPD. Meta-analyses were conducted on 18 cohorts of European ancestry (17,339 PPD cases and 53,426 controls), one cohort of East Asian ancestry (975 cases and 3,780 controls), and one cohort of African ancestry (456 cases and 1,255 controls), totaling 18,770 PPD cases and 58,461 controls. Post-GWAS analyses included 1) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability ([Formula: see text]), 2) genetic correlations between PPD and other phenotypes, and 3) enrichment of the PPD GWAS findings in 27 human tissues and 265 cell types from the mouse central and peripheral nervous system. No SNP achieved genome-wide significance in the European or the trans-ancestry meta-analyses. The [Formula: see text] of PPD was 0.14 (SE=0.02). Significant genetic correlations were estimated for PPD with MDD, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, insomnia, age at menarche, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Cell-type enrichment analyses implicate inhibitory neurons in the thalamus and cholinergic neurons within septal nuclei of the hypothalamus, a pattern that differs from MDD. While more samples are needed to reach genome-wide levels of significance, the results presented confirm PPD as a polygenic and heritable phenotype. There is also evidence that despite a high correlation with MDD, PPD may have unique genetic components. Cell enrichment results suggest GABAergic neurons, which converge on a common mechanism with the only medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for PPD (brexanolone).
NGI Uppsala (SNP&SEQ Technology Platform) [Service]
National Genomics Infrastructure [Service]
PubMed 37849304
DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230053
Crossref 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230053