{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "631321ade8c64aee894b30aeb0022924", "timestamp": "2026-07-15T22:40:37.254Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications.scilifelab.se/publication/631321ade8c64aee894b30aeb0022924.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications.scilifelab.se/publication/631321ade8c64aee894b30aeb0022924"}}, "title": "Insights into metabolic changes during epidermal differentiation as revealed by multiphoton microscopy with fluorescence lifetime imaging.", "authors": [{"family": "Malak", "given": "Monika", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Qian", "given": "Chen", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "James", "given": "Jeemol", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Nair", "given": "Syam", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Grantham", "given": "Julie", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Ericson", "given": "Marica B", "initials": "MB"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2025-02-21", "journal": {"title": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "volume": "15", "issue": "1", "pages": "6377", "issn-l": "2045-2322"}, "abstract": "Rapid developments in the field of organotypic cultures have generated a growing need for effective and non-invasive methods for quality control during tissue development. In this study, we correlate metabolic changes with epidermal differentiation and demonstrate that multiphoton microscopy with fluorescence lifetime imaging (MPM-FLIM) can be applied to monitor epidermal differentiation of keratinocytes with respect to proliferative and differentiated states. In a 2D keratinocyte tissue culture model, increased expression of differentiation markers keratin-1 and keratin-10 was induced with calcium supplementation. An accompanying shift from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration was detected in metabolic flux assays. Analysis of MPM-FLIM images acquired at 750 nm and 900 nm excitation revealed a decreased relative fraction of intracellular NADH and FAD after high calcium treatment, consistent with increased oxidative phosphorylation. Epidermal differentiation could be monitored over a 96 h period. Discrimination analysis based on k-means clustering generated clusters that correlated well with the duration of high Ca2+ treatment, suggesting that MPM-FLIM can provide useful parameters for monitoring keratinocyte differentiation.", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-90101-4", "pmid": "39984626", "labels": {"Integrated Microscopy Technologies Gothenburg": "Service"}, "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC11845624"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "10.1038/s41598-025-90101-4"}], "notes": [], "created": "2025-11-05T13:54:13.831Z", "modified": "2025-11-05T13:54:13.868Z"}